SELECT
  T.StartTimestamp,
  T.EndTimestamp,
  T.Total,

  -- Percentage for Merge_MCM01
  CASE WHEN T.Total = 0
       THEN '0%'
       ELSE CONCAT(ROUND(T.MergeCount / T.Total * 100, 2), '%')
  END AS Merge_MCM01,

  -- Percentage for Transport_MCM01
  CASE WHEN T.Total = 0
       THEN '0%'
       ELSE CONCAT(ROUND(T.TransportCount / T.Total * 100, 2), '%')
  END AS Transport_MCM01,

  -- Percentage for Sorter_MCM02
  CASE WHEN T.Total = 0
       THEN '0%'
       ELSE CONCAT(ROUND(T.SorterCount / T.Total * 100, 2), '%')
  END AS Sorter_MCM02

FROM (
  -- Inner query (T) calculates the total and individual counts, making the outer percentage calculation cleaner
  SELECT
    DATE_FORMAT(:starttime, '%Y-%m-%d %H:%i') AS StartTimestamp,
    DATE_FORMAT(:endtime,   '%Y-%m-%d %H:%i') AS EndTimestamp,

    -- Individual counts (COALESCE handles NULL if the subquery returns no rows)
    COALESCE(c.MergeCount, 0) AS MergeCount,
    COALESCE(c.TransportCount, 0) AS TransportCount,
    COALESCE(c.SorterCount, 0) AS SorterCount,

    -- Calculate Total once
    (COALESCE(c.MergeCount, 0) + COALESCE(c.TransportCount, 0) + COALESCE(c.SorterCount, 0)) AS Total

  FROM (
    -- Subquery (c) aggregates the jam counts over the time range
    SELECT
      SUM(Merge_MCM01 = 1) AS MergeCount,
      SUM(Transport_MCM01 = 1) AS TransportCount,
      SUM(Sorter_MCM02 = 1) AS SorterCount
    FROM jam_area
    WHERE t_stamp BETWEEN :starttime AND :endtime
  ) AS c
) AS T;